Main function of lysosomes

Lysosomes are dynamic organelles composed of lipids and proteins, with a single membrane covering. They contain a wide variety of hydrolytic enzymes (acid hydrolases) that break down macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and polysaccharides.

These enzymes are active only in the lysosome’s acidic environment, and their catabolic function is accomplished by an array of approximately 60 proteases, lipases, nucleases, and other hydrolytic enzymes. The lysosome orchestrates these key functions through the synchronized interplay between hydrolytic enzymes, nutrient transporters, and signaling factors.

Lysosomal exocytosis refers to the regulated extracellular release of lysosomal enzymes, which migrate from the perinuclear region to the cell surface.

Lysosomes provide hydrolytic enzymes for the degradation of macromolecules, have secretory functions, and are important for plasma membrane repair. They are thought to be produced by a gradual maturation process, during which endosomal membrane proteins are selectively retrieved from the developing lysosome by transport ves

lysosome activation

when a lysosome fuses with a food vesicle its ph